Penghargaan Buat Lecturer Kami

Terima Kasih Buat Lecturer Kami
Dr. Mohd Zaidi Abd Rozan...

Banyak ilmu yang telah beliau curahkan kepada kami...
Daripada kami BUTA IT... Sekarang dah CELIK sikit la... huhuhu

Our Beloved Lecturer : Dr. Mohd Zaidi Abd Rozan

Last Quiz For This Sems

Date of Quiz: 29 December 2011 (8.00am)

Last minute study: 28 December 2011 ( 11.00pm)

During the quiz..!!!! (Deep thinking..)

Anyway...... For All Student Sec 02 (IST Class)

Wish You......

 

CHAPTER 12 : DATABASE

WHAT IS DATA?

• DATA CAN BE DEFINED AS FACTS OR OBSERVATIONS ABOUT PEOPLE,PLACES,THINGS, AND EVENTS
• NOT LONG AGO,DATA LIMITED TO NUMBERS,LETTERS AND SYMBOLS RECORDED BY KEYBOARDS. NOW DATA ALSO INCLUDES AUDIO,MUSIC,PHOTOGRAPH AND VIDEO

2 WAYS TO VIEW DATA
PHYSICAL VIEW - FOCUSES ON THE ACTUAL FORMAT AND LOCATION OF THE DATA
LOGICAL VIEW - FOCUSES ON THE MEANING,CONTENT AND CONTEXT OF THE DATA

NEED FOR DATABASES

DATABASE MANAGEMENT

• CREATE, MODIFY AND GAIN ACCESS TO A DATABASE
• COMMONLY ABBREVIATED DBMS
• DBMS SOFTWARE IS MADE UP OF 5 PARTS OR SUBSYSTEMS WHICH IS DBMS ENGINE,DATA DEFINITION,DATA MANIPULATION,APPLICATION GENERATION AND DATA ADMINISTRATION.

DBMS STRUCTURE

•  DBMS PROGRAMS ARE DESIGNED TO WORK WITH DATA TAHT IS LOGICALLY STRUCTURED OR ARRANGED
• DATA MODEL DEFINE RULES AND STANDARDS FOR DATA IN DATABASE
• 5 COMMON DATA MODEL INCLUDES :

  NETWORK DATABASE

  HIERARCHICAL DATABASE

OBJECT-ORIENTED DATABASE

• RELATIONAL DATABASE

• MULTIDIMENSIONAL DATABASE 

 TYPES OF DATABASES
DATABASES MAY BE CLASSIFIED INTO 4 TYPES :

1. INDIVIDUAL DATABASE

• ALSO CALLED A MICROCOMPUTER DATABASE
• IT IS A COLLECTION OF INTEGRATED FILES PRIMARILY USED BY JUST ONE PERSON. 

2.  COMPANY OR SHARED DATABASES

•  USUALLY STORED ON A CENTRAL DATABASE SERVER AND MANAGED BY A DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR

     3.  DISTRIBUTED DATABASES

• DATABASE IS LOCATED IN A PLACE OR PLACES OTHER THAN WHERE USERS ARE LOCATED

     4.  COMMERCIAL DATABASES

• IS GENERALLY AN ENORMOUS DATABASE THAT AN ORGANIZATION DEVELOPS TO COVER PARTICULAR SUBJECTS.

CHAPTER 11 : INFORMATION SYSTEM

AN INFORMATION SYSTEMS IS A COLLECTION OF PEOPLE, PROCEDURES, SOFTWARE, HARDWARE AND DATA.

THEY WORK TOGETHER TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ESSENTIAL TO RUNNING AN ORGANIZATION.

ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION FLOW 

• FUNCTION
• MANAGEMENT LEVELS
• INFORMATION FLOW

 FUNCTION

1. ACCOUNTING - RECORD ALL FINANCIAL ACTIVITY FROM BILLING CUSTOMERS TO PAYING EMPLOYEES
2. MARKETING  - PLANS,PRICES,PROMOTES,SELLS AND DISTRIBUTES THE ORGANIZATION'S GOODS AND SERVICE
3. HUMAN RESOURCES  - FOCUSES ON PEOPLE SUCH HIRING,TRAINING,PROMOTING 
4. PRODUCTION  - CREATE FINISHED GOODS AND SERVICES USING RAW MATERIALS AND PERSONNEL.

5. RESEARCH - IDENTIFIES,INVESTIGATES  AND DEVELOPS NEW PRODUCT AND  SERVICES

MANAGEMENT LEVELS

• TOP MANAGEMENT -  TOP LEVEL MANAGERS ARE CONCERNED WITH LONG-RANGE PLANNING.
• MIDDLE MANAGEMENT - MIDDLE-LEVEL MANAGERS DEAL WITH CONTROL,PLANNING AND DECISION MAKING.
• SUPERVISORS - SUPERVISORS MANAGE AND MONITOR THE EMPLOYEES OR WORKERS. 

INFORMATION FLOW

EACH LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT HAS DIFFERENT INFORMATION NEEDS.
THE INFORMATION FLOWS TO SUPPORT THESE NEEDS;

TOP MANAGEMENT LEVEL INFORMATION FLOW IS VERTICAL,HORIZONTAL AND EXTERNAL 


MIDDLE MANAGERIAL LEVEL INFORMATION FLOW IS VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL


SUPERVISORY LEVEL INFORMATION FLOW IS PRIMARILY VERTICAL

COMPUTER-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• ALMOST ALL ORGANIZATIONS HAVE COMPUTER-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS.

• LARGE ORGANIZATIONS TYPICALLY HAVE FORMAL NAMES FOR THE SYSTEMS DESIGNED TO COLLECT AND USE THE DATA.

THE MOST COMMON NAMES ARE :

• TRANSACTION PROCESSING
• MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
• DECISION SUPPORT
• EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS 

TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS ( TPS )

• TPS HELPS AN ORGANIZATIONAL KEEP TRACK OF ROUTINE OPERATIONS AND RECORDS THESE EVENTS IN A DATABASE.
• ALSO KNOWN AS DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS (DPS)

• ONE OF THE MOST ESSENTIAL TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS IN ORGANIZATION IS IN THE ACCOUNTING AREA. FOR EXAMPLE, AS SHOWN IN THE ABOVE 

  MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• IS A COMPUTER-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEM THAT PRODUCES STANDARDIZED REPORTS IN SUMMARIZED STRUCTURED FORM.
• THREE COMMON CATEGORIES OF REPORT :

• PERIODIC REPORTS

• EXCEPTION REPORTS

• DEMAND REPORTS

EXAMPLE PERIODIC REPORTS

EXAMPLE DEMAND REPORT









OTHERS INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• THERE ARE MANY OTHER INFORMATION SYSTEMS TO SUPPORT DIFFERENT INDIVIDUALS AND FUNCTIONS.
• THE FASTEST-GROWING ARE INFORMATION SYSTEMS DESIGNED TO SUPPORT INFORMATION WORKERS.
• INFORMATION WORKERS- DISTRIBUTE, COMMUNICATE AND CREATE INFORMATION.
• 2 SYSTEMS TO SUPPORT INFORMATION WORKERS ARE :

• OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEMS (AOSS), INCLUDING

SUPPORT DATA WORKERS

PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

VIDEOCONFERENCING SYSTEMS

• KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS : KNOWLEDGE WORKERS

USE SPECIALIZED INFORMATION SYSTEMS CALLED KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS (KWSS)TO CREATE INFORMATION IN THEIR AREAS OF EXPERTISE.

Chapter 10: Privacy, Security, and Ethics

PRIVACY
-concern the collection and use of data about individuals.
-three primary privacy issue: a)Accuracy
                                               b)Property
                                               c)Access
-Viewing and blocking cookies

-Spyware Removal
                                         

-Laws on Privacy

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act-Protects personal Financial information

        

Health insurance portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)- Protects medical records

restrict disclosure of educational results and records

Security
-computer criminals: a)employees
                                  b)outside users
                                  c)Hackers and crackers
                                  d)Organized crime
                                  e)Terrorist

-Malicious Programs

Viruses

Worms

Trojan Horse

Zombies

Ethics
-Copyright: Gives content creators the right to control the use and distribution of their work
-Software Piracy: -Unauthorized copying and distribution
                             -Digital Millenium Copyright Act
                             -Digital rights management (DRM)
-Plagiarism

~ terasa kehilangan ~

as kena chickenpox.!! lama tu dia tinggallkan kiteorang. rasa janggal pun ada sebab selalunya kami memang selalu berlima. apapun kami doa agar as cepat sembut dan sabar hadapi dugaan ini ye. duduk rumah tu, rehat banyak, tangan tu jangan nak gatal-gatal garu-garu atau kopek biji-biji tu. mas pesan minum air kelapa banyak-banyak dan kalau boleh balik nanti bawa la sikit untuk kiteorang ni.hahaaa we really miss you.!!

on the saturday, 17 we all keluar macam biasa even tanpa kehadiran as, tapi ketiadaannya amat dirasai..huu dah tak cukup ahli kumpulan, dan suasana pun tak happening macam selalu kita keluar berlima. kami keluar awal dan balik pun awal.selalunya pukul 11 malam pun belum tentu nak balik tapi hari tu macam takde mood je, sebelum 5 petang kiteorang dah balik. mas, syila kalau datang bilik selalu tanya, as macam mana hari ni? dia ada mesej korang tak? as dah baik belum? farah pun sama, teen ada tak as mesej kau? haa ni la dialog hari-hari dieorang masuk bilik. (and i guess i'll heard it agaiin and again till the day as came back)sungguh terasa lain bila kami berempat. suasana makan pun tak sama. baru seorang yang takde. bile kejadian ni berlaku, baru aku tersedar betapa kuatnya perhubungan kita. aku gembira disisi kalian. too much to give, undergo problems together, sometime overprotected, share the pain, spread the love ~ tahnks to all of you. will love this friendship till end of my life..

25.9.2010 in history..

Majlis Konvokesyen UTM ke-45

~ 3 years pain & sacrifice paid off ~

terlalu banyak untuk dikenang..anyway, thanks to all course mates especially those who are really close to us.. haa terkenang zaman-zaman buat assingmnet last minit, sampai berlari-lari nak hantar ke lecturer room sebab dah lambat. Menangis waktu pertama kali ( 1st year ) present depan lecturer yang garang sangat-sangat. Stay up till dawn every study week. Esok paper final malam tu la nak black out, then sama-sama study kat tangga. Masa esok nak test la malam tu nak ada fire drill. tapi akhirnya berjaya juga diharungi dengan jayanya.. now it's already become memories, yet the memories that will remain forever..,, in our heart..

 

~ worthwhile ~

~ Highlight of the day ~
is the smile on their face

and to know the reason behind their smile is because of you..