CHAPTER 8: SECONDARY STORAGE `

There are 2 type of storage:

PRIMARY STORAGE :

• Volatile storage
• Temporary storage
• Random Access Memory (RAM) 

  SECONDARY STORAGE : 

• Nonvolatile storage
• Permanent storage

Secondary storage devices are use to save, to back up and  even to transport files consisting of data or programs from one location or computer to another. Secondary storage provide permanent or nonvolatile storage.







Secondary storage retain data and information after the computer system is turned off. Not like RAM, most RAM is volatile, meaning that it loses its contents whenever power is disrupted.












Characteristics of secondary storage include :
MEDIA                        - actual physical material that holds the data and programs
CAPASITY                   - measures how much a particular storage medium can hold.
STORAGE DEVICES - hardware read data and programs from storage media.
ACCESS SPEED         - measures the amount of time required to retrieve data and programs.

 Type of secondary storage

1. HARD DISK

 

• Internal Hard Disk

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• External Hard Disk

1. 2.  OPTICAL DISCS
   
     Today's optical discs can hold over 100 gigabytes of data. There are 3 type of optical discs :
   
   • Compact Disc (CD)
   
   
   
   • Digital Versatil Disc (DVD)
   Digital Versatile Disc or digital video disc is a new format that has replaced CDs as the standard optical disc. DVDs very similar to CDs  except that more data can be packed into the same amount of space.
   
   
   
   
   
   • Blu-Ray (Hi-Definition) Disc
   
     3.  SOLID-STATE STORAGE
   
   
   • Solid-state drives (SSDs)
   • Flash memory cards
   • USB Drives
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   4. CLOUD STORAGE
   Cloud computing is where the internet acts as a 'cloud' of servers. Cloud storage services make it easy to upload and share files with anyone
   
   
   
   
   5. MASS STORAGE DEVICE
   
   Mass storage refers to the tremendous amount of secondary storage req uired by large organizations. Mass storage devices are specialized high-capacity secondary storage devices designed to meet organizational demands for data.
   
   Most large organisations have established a strategy called an enterprise storage system. Enterprise storage systems ensure data security using specialized strategies and devices, such as 
• File servers
• Networked attached storage (NAS)
• RAID systems
• Tape libraries
• Organizational cloud storage
• Storage Area Network (SAN)