CHAPTER 7 : INPUT AND OUTPUT

WHAT IS INPUT?
INPUT IS ANY DATA OR INSTRUCTIONS THAT ARE USED BY A COMPUTER.

INPUT DEVICES ARE HARDWARE USED TO TRANSLATE WORDS,SOUNDS, IMAGES AND ACTIONS THAT PEOPLE UNDERSTAND INTO A FORM THAT THE SYSTEM UNIT CAN PROCESS.


TYPE OF INPUT DEVICES

KEYBOARD ENTRY - ONE OF THE MOST COMMON WAY TO INPUT DATA. KEYBOARD CONVERT NUMBERS,LETTERS, AND SPECIAL CHARACTERS THAT PEOPLE UNDERSTAND INTO ELECTRICAL SIGNALS.
THERE ARE A WIDE VARIETY OF DIFFERENT KEYBOARD DESIGN

1. TRADITIONAL KEYBOARDS

 

2. ERGONOMIC KEYBOARDS

3. WIRELESS KEYBOARDS

4. PDA KEYBOARDS

5.VIRTUAL KEYBOARD

 

POINTING DEVICES - POINTING DEVICES PROVIDE AN INTUITIVE INTERFACE WITH THE SYSTEM UNIT BY ACCEPTING POINTING GESTURES AND CONVERTING THEM INTO MACHINE-READABLE INPUT.

THERE ARE WIDE  VARIETY OF DIFFERENT POINTING DEVICES,INCLUDING THE MOUSE, JOYSTICK, TOUCH SCREENS AND STYLUS

1. MICE - A MOUSE CONTROLS A POINTER THAT IS DISPLAYED ON THE MONITOR 

1. OPTICAL MOUSE

2. MECHANICAL MOUSE -  HAS A BALL ON THE BOTTOM AND IS ATTACHED WITH A CORD TO THE SYSTEM UNIT.

3. CORDLESS OR WIRELESS MOUSE

2. TOUCH SCREEN

3. JOY STICK

4. STYLUS

3. SCANNING DEVICES 

 

SCANNING  DEVICES CONVERT SCANNED TEXT AND IMAGES INTO A FORM THAT THE SYSTEM UNIT CAN PROCESS.

THERE ARE 4 TYPE OF SCANNING DEVICES :

1. OPTICAL SCANNERS                                                  
2. CARD READERS
3. BAR CODE READERS
4.CHARACTER AND MARK RECO 
 4. IMAGE CAPTURING DEVICES

- CREATE OR CAPTURE ORIGINAL IMAGES. THESE DEVICES INCLUDE DIGITAL CAMERAS AND DIGITAL VIDEO CAMERAS.

5. AUDIO-INPUT DEVICES - CONVERT SOUNDS INTO A FORM THAT CAN  BE PROCESSED BY THE SYSTEM UNIT.

WHAT IS OUTPUT?
 OUTPUT IS A PROCESSED DATA OR INFORMATION. TYPICALLY TAKES THE FORM OF TEXT,GRAPHICS, PHOTO, AUDIO AND / OR VIDEO.

OUTPUT DEVICES ARE ANY HARDWARE USED TO PROVIDE OR TO CREATE OUTPUT

 THERE ARE WIDE RANGE OF OUTPUT DEVICES :
1. MONITOR - ALSO KNOWN AS DISPLAY SCREENS, MONITORS PRESENT VISUAL IMAGES OF TEXT AND GRAPHICS.

2. PRINTER - TRANSLATE INFORMATION THAT HAS BEEN PROCESSED BY THE SYSTEM UNIT AND PRESENT THE INFORMATION ON PAPER

3.AUDIO-OUTPUT DEVICES - TRANSLATE AUDIO INFORMATION FROM THE COMPUTER INTO SOUNDS THAT PEOPLE CAN UNDERSTAND. THE MOST WIDELY USED AUDIO-OUPUT DEVICES ARE SPEAKERS AND HEADSETS.





4.COMBINATION INPUT AND OUTPUT- MANY DEVICES COMBINE INPUT AND OUTPUT CAPABILITIES. COMMON COMBINATION DEVICES INCLUDE:

• FAX MACHINES  
• MULTIFUNTIONAL DEVICES (MFD) - TYPICALLY COMBINE THE CAPABILITIES OF A SCANNER,PRINTER,FAX AND COPY MACHINE. THESE MULTIFUNCTIONAL  DEVICES OFEER A COST AND SPACE ADVANTAGE
• INTERNET TELEPHONES

MULTIFUNCTIONAL DEVICES (MFD)